Слайд 1Ministry education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan
Karaganda State University
named after academician Ye.A. Buketov
Biological and geographical faculty
Botany Department
Course – Botany
Specialty - 5В011300 – «Biology»
Lecture № 26
Characteristic of families Lamiaceae and Asteraceae, typical species and practical uses
(1 hour)
Lecturer: candidate of biological science, associated professor
Ishmuratova Margarita Yulaevna
Слайд 2Plan of lecture:
1 Family Lamiaceae.
2 Family Asteraceae.
3 Typical species.
4 Practical
uses of species.
Слайд 3Basic literatures:
1 Еленевский А.Г., Соловьев М.П., Тихомиров В.Н. Ботаника:
систематика высших, или наземных, растений. 2 изд. - М.: Academіa,
2001. - 429 с.
2 Нестерова С.Г. Лабораторный практикум по систематике растений. - Алматы: Қазақ ун-ті, 2011. - 220 с.
3 Родман А.С. Ботаника. – М.: Колос, 2001. - 328 с.
Additional literatures:
1 Билич Г.Л., Крыжановский В.А. Биология. Т. 2: Ботаника. - М.: Оникс 21 век, 2002. - 543 с.
2 Ишмуратова М.Ю. Систематика и интродукция растений (курс лекций). - Караганда: РИО Болашак-Баспа, 2015. - 100 с.
3 Тусупбекова Г.Т. Основы естествознания. Ч. 1. Ботаника. – Астана: Фолиант, 2013. – 321 с.
Слайд 4Family Lamiaceae (Labiatae)
Big family, includes 270 gena and more then
5500 species.
Spreading – all world, mostly – Central Asia and
Meditterrian.
Life forms – grassy plants, semi-shrubs and bushes. All species have four-angle stalk. Most species have glandular trachoma, essential oil glandular.
Flowering formula - Ca(2+3) Co(2+3) A3 G (2)
Pollination – by insects.
Important gena – Mentha, Origanum, Melissa, Salvia, Thymus, Ziziphora, Ajuga, Dragocephalum, Nepeta, etc.
Practical uses: medical, essential oil, food, aromatic, decorative plants.
Слайд 5Важнейшие роды – мята (Mentha), душица (Origanum), шалфей (Salvia), яснотка
(Lamium), пустырник (Leonurus), зопник (Phlomis), тимьян (Thymus), чистец (Stachys) (рис.
137).
Хозяйственное значение:
Лекарственные – у представителей семейства найдены эфирными масла, терпеноиды, сапонины, полифенолы и танниды, кумарины и др.; медицинское применение находят: мята перечная (Mentha piperita), пустырник пятилопастный и сердечный (Leonurus quinquelobatus и L. cardiaca), шалфей лекарственный (Salvia officinalis), тимьян обыкновенный и ползучий (чабрец) (Thymus vulgaris и T. serpyllum), душица обыкновенная (Origanum vulgare).
Пищевые – мята, душица, тимьян являются пряными травами.
Слайд 6Mentha piperita
Thymus serpyllum
Salvia officinalis
Слайд 10Economic importance
Oil plants Oil extracted from the seeds of Helianthus
annuus (sunflower) is edible and used as a cooking medium.
Oil extracted from the seeds of Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) is edible and also used in the manufacture of soap. It contains less amount of cholesterol and therefore it is recommended for heart patients.
Medicinal plants The entire plant, Eclipta prostrata (Karisalankanni) is used in the preparation of bathing oil and also in the treatment of jaundice, spleen and liver disorders. The drug santonin obtained from the heads of Artemesia maritima is used for expelling intestinal round worms.
Dye plants A natural red dye obtained from Carthamus tinctorius is used for dyeing silks. A yellow dye obtained from the flowers of Tagetus erecta is used for dyeing cotton.
Pesticides A dried powder called ‘Pyrethrum’ obtained from the flower heads of Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium and C. coccineum is used as mosquito repellant.
Beverage Powder obtained from the seeds of Cichorium intybus (chicory/ kasini keerai) is mixed with coffee powder. Leaves are used to treat several diseases and also used as salad.
Ornamental plants Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Tagetus petula (French marigold), Calendula officinalis (pot marigold) and Zinnia elegans are grown in gardens for their beautiful flowers.
Слайд 11
Artemisia vulgare
Matricaria chamomilla
Calendula officinalis
Слайд 12
Inula caspica
Achillea millefolium
Слайд 13Control questions:
What is syngenesious stamen?
Write the floral formulae
for ray and disc florets of Asteraceae.
What is pappus?
What is santonin?
What is pyrethrum?
Describe the gynoecium of Tridax procumbens.
Write the systematic position of Asteraceae.